Bernalda, Italy
8th century BCE
Argos-Mykines, Greece
320 BCE
Saint-Mitre-les-Remparts, France
2nd century BCE
Bitola, North Macedonia
c. 350 BCE
Chaniá, Greece
2000-3000 BC
Reggio Calabria, Italy
4th century BCE
Bacoli, Italy
8th century BCE
Malia, Greece
1900 BC
Tindari, Italy
396 BCE
Pylos, Greece
1300 BCE
Corfu, Greece
500 BCE
Corfu, Greece
610 BCE
Thasos, Greece
7th century BCE
Marinella di Selinunte, Italy
7th century BCE
Locri, Italy
5th century BCE
Province of Matera, Italy
6th century BCE
Argos-Mykines, Greece
8th century BCE
Catanzaro, Italy
1st century AD
Marsala, Italy
397 BCE
Argos-Mykines, Greece
5th century BCE
The Walls of Constantinople are a series of defensive stone walls that have surrounded and protected the city of Constantinople (today Istanbul) since its founding as the new capital of the Roman Empire by Constantine the Great. With numerous additions and modifications during their history, they were the last great fortification system of antiquity, and one of the most complex and elaborate systems ever built. They were also the largest and strongest fortification in both the ancient and medieval world.
Initially built by Constantine the Great, the walls surrounded the new city on all sides, protecting it against attack from both sea and land. As the city grew, the famous double line of the Theodosian Walls was built in the 5th century. Although the other sections of the walls were less elaborate, they were, when well-manned, almost impregnable for any medieval besieger.