San Leonardo de Yagüe, Spain
1563
Encinas de Esgueva, Spain
14th century
Cañete la Real, Spain
9th century AD
Villalba de los Barros, Spain
15th century
Murcia, Spain
12th century
Capilla, Spain
13th century
Valle de Mena, Spain
14th century
Montuenga de Soria, Spain
Middle ages
Mairena del Alcor, Spain
15th century
Baena, Spain
13th century
Castroverde, Spain
14th century
Pantón, Spain
12th century
Cambil, Spain
14th century
Corbera, Spain
11th century
Narros de Saldueña, Spain
15th century
Condado de Castilnovo, Spain
12th century
El Puerto de Santa María, Spain
15th century
Santo Adrao de Lourenzá, Spain
13th century
Hornachos, Spain
11th century
Valencia del Ventoso, Spain
c. 1477
The Walls of Constantinople are a series of defensive stone walls that have surrounded and protected the city of Constantinople (today Istanbul) since its founding as the new capital of the Roman Empire by Constantine the Great. With numerous additions and modifications during their history, they were the last great fortification system of antiquity, and one of the most complex and elaborate systems ever built. They were also the largest and strongest fortification in both the ancient and medieval world.
Initially built by Constantine the Great, the walls surrounded the new city on all sides, protecting it against attack from both sea and land. As the city grew, the famous double line of the Theodosian Walls was built in the 5th century. Although the other sections of the walls were less elaborate, they were, when well-manned, almost impregnable for any medieval besieger.