Lavardens, France
1620
Montségur, France
1204
Beaucaire, France
11th century
Larressingle, France
13th century
Villefranche de Conflent, France
1681
Sommières, France
11th century
Najac, France
1253
Villeneuve-lès-Avignon, France
1302
Puilaurens, France
1229
Lussan, France
15th century
Arques, France
1284
Bournazel, France
16th century
Le Perthus, France
1675
Villerouge-Termenès, France
12th century
Florac, France
13th century
Castries, France
1565
Quillan, France
1232
Portes, France
12th century
Flamarens, France
14th century
Aumelas, France
11th century
The Walls of Constantinople are a series of defensive stone walls that have surrounded and protected the city of Constantinople (today Istanbul) since its founding as the new capital of the Roman Empire by Constantine the Great. With numerous additions and modifications during their history, they were the last great fortification system of antiquity, and one of the most complex and elaborate systems ever built. They were also the largest and strongest fortification in both the ancient and medieval world.
Initially built by Constantine the Great, the walls surrounded the new city on all sides, protecting it against attack from both sea and land. As the city grew, the famous double line of the Theodosian Walls was built in the 5th century. Although the other sections of the walls were less elaborate, they were, when well-manned, almost impregnable for any medieval besieger.