Ringsaker, Norway
c. 1150
Hof, Norway
c. 1150
Ramnes, Norway
12th century
Herøy, Norway
12th century
Vanylven, Norway
1150
Enebakk, Norway
1104
Skedsmo, Norway
1180
Stjørdal, Norway
1085-1100
Færvik, Norway
1150
Nes På Hedmark, Norway
c. 1250
Finnøy, Norway
c. 1250
Kvinnherad, Norway
1250
Larvik, Norway
12th century
Dønna, Norway
13th century
Eidsvoll, Norway
c. 1200
Sørum, Norway
1180
Hønefoss, Norway
c. 1170
Andebu, Norway
12th century
Borre, Norway
12th century
Larvik, Norway
c. 1100
The Walls of Constantinople are a series of defensive stone walls that have surrounded and protected the city of Constantinople (today Istanbul) since its founding as the new capital of the Roman Empire by Constantine the Great. With numerous additions and modifications during their history, they were the last great fortification system of antiquity, and one of the most complex and elaborate systems ever built. They were also the largest and strongest fortification in both the ancient and medieval world.
Initially built by Constantine the Great, the walls surrounded the new city on all sides, protecting it against attack from both sea and land. As the city grew, the famous double line of the Theodosian Walls was built in the 5th century. Although the other sections of the walls were less elaborate, they were, when well-manned, almost impregnable for any medieval besieger.