Helsinki, Finland
1934-1938
Helsinki, Finland
1834
Föglö, Finland
Oulu, Finland
1590
Turku, Finland
1819
Kuopio, Finland
1902
Kimitoön, Finland
1905-1906
Paimio, Finland
1932
Turku, Finland
1229
Lieto, Finland
ca. 1000-1370
Tampere, Finland
1906
Kajaani, Finland
1604-1619
Rauma, Finland
1495-1505
Sund, Finland
1832-1854
Pälkäne, Finland
1495-1505
Vaasa, Finland
1500-1520
Valkeakoski, Finland
600-1400
Janakkala, Finland
ca. 1250
Sulkava, Finland
1100-1300
Nokia, Finland
1896-1900
The Walls of Constantinople are a series of defensive stone walls that have surrounded and protected the city of Constantinople (today Istanbul) since its founding as the new capital of the Roman Empire by Constantine the Great. With numerous additions and modifications during their history, they were the last great fortification system of antiquity, and one of the most complex and elaborate systems ever built. They were also the largest and strongest fortification in both the ancient and medieval world.
Initially built by Constantine the Great, the walls surrounded the new city on all sides, protecting it against attack from both sea and land. As the city grew, the famous double line of the Theodosian Walls was built in the 5th century. Although the other sections of the walls were less elaborate, they were, when well-manned, almost impregnable for any medieval besieger.