Amsterdam, Netherlands
1655
Hague, Netherlands
13th century
Delft, Netherlands
1618
Haarlem, Netherlands
14th century
Maastricht, Netherlands
17th century
Apeldoorn, Netherlands
1684-1686
Hague, Netherlands
1716
Hague, Netherlands
1533
Hague, Netherlands
1913
Bergen op Zoom, Netherlands
1485
Baarn, Netherlands
1674
Leek, Netherlands
1884
Heerenveen, Netherlands
1648
Franeker, Netherlands
1591-1594
Doorn, Netherlands
19th century
Heerenveen, Netherlands
1640
Vorden, Netherlands
1600
Haarlem, Netherlands
1785-1789
Leens, Netherlands
17th century
Bunnik, Netherlands
1395
The Walls of Constantinople are a series of defensive stone walls that have surrounded and protected the city of Constantinople (today Istanbul) since its founding as the new capital of the Roman Empire by Constantine the Great. With numerous additions and modifications during their history, they were the last great fortification system of antiquity, and one of the most complex and elaborate systems ever built. They were also the largest and strongest fortification in both the ancient and medieval world.
Initially built by Constantine the Great, the walls surrounded the new city on all sides, protecting it against attack from both sea and land. As the city grew, the famous double line of the Theodosian Walls was built in the 5th century. Although the other sections of the walls were less elaborate, they were, when well-manned, almost impregnable for any medieval besieger.