The Church of San Pedro Apóstol is considered a National Historic-Artistic Monument in Vitoria from the 13th-14th centuries. The temple was attached to the western wall of the medieval town, which is why the walls on the west are very thick. In the central nave the walls form a tower which is visible from the outside of the temple.
Gothic façade dates from the 14th century, accessible from Calle Herrería. The entrance is the opposite way round in this church because the wall used to run along the bottom of the central nave.
References:Carlsten is a stone fortress built on the orders of King Carl X of Sweden following the Treaty of Roskilde, 1658 to protect the newly acquired province of Bohuslän from hostile attacks. The site of Marstrand was chosen because of its location and its access to an ice free port. Initially a square stone tower was constructed, but by 1680 it was reconstructed and replaced by a round shaped tower. Successive additions to the fortress were carried out, by the inmates sentenced to hard labour, until 1860 when it was reported finished. The fortress was decommissioned as a permanent defense installation in 1882, but remained in military use until the early 1990s.
The fortress was attacked and sieged twice falling into enemy hands. In 1677 it was conquered by Ulrik Frederick Gyldenløve, the Danish military commander in Norway and in 1719 by the Norwegian Vice-Admiral Tordenskjold. At both occasions the fortress was returned to Swedish control through negotiations and treaties.