Tharandt Castle ruins is located on a mountain spur high above Tharandt. The castle was built at the beginning of the 13th century at the order of Margrave Dietrich of Meissen to protect against the neighboring counts of Dohna. Already in 1224 it burned down during a war campaign, but was rebuilt in 1240-1256. At the end of the 14th century the castle was fortified in such a way that it was considered one of the strongest in the country. The counts of Dohna, who were very powerful in the border region (but also acted as robber barons), completely lost their importance in the course of the Dohna feud (1385-1402), so that Tharandt Castle also lost its defensive function. During the Hussite invasion in 1429, it was fought over and, because of its strength, served as a storehouse for documents and valuables of the Elector.
From 1476, Duchess Sidonie temporarily stayed at the castle. She was the daughter of the Bohemian King George of Podiebrad and was married to the Saxon Duke Albrecht to seal the Treaty of Cheb, which regulated the Saxon-Bohemian border that is still valid today. From 1500 she lived there permanently until her death in 1510. After that, the castle was no longer inhabited and was gradually dismantled. The neighboring mountain church was built in 1626-1629 on a part of the castle complex and using materials from the castle.
From the end of the 18th century the castle ruins came back into focus in the course of castle romanticism and were depicted by many romantic painters and draftsmen.
The Tharandt Castle next to the castle ruins was built in 1858-1861 as the studio of a sculptor. From 1866 it was rebuilt by a new owner into a romantic residential castle in Moorish-Oriental Tudor style. The present appearance is due to a fire in 1936. The castle was then used by the Tharandt Forestry School (now part of the TU Dresden) until 2000. Since 2002, the castle has been privately owned and is being renovated step by step. Inside, the work has been largely completed. From the outside, there is still a lot of work to be done.
References:Towering 52 meters above the sea, Bengtskär lighthouse is the tallest one in Scandinavia. The building started in in 1905 after the shipwreck of S/S Helsingfors and was completed in 1906. The lighthouse was designed by architect Florentin Granholm. On December a special petrol lantern, designed and built in Paris, was brought to Bengtskär and installed atop the tower.
German fleet bombarded Bengstkär in the First World War in 1914. Since the Gulf of Finland was heavily mined, it was not until 1919 that the surrounding seas were declared safe for shipping, that the light was lit again.
After the war the military value of Bengtskär increased as part of the defence system of independent Finland. In Second World War (1941) Soviet Union made a suprise attack to island. After a bloody battle, the small Finnish garrison emerged victorious. Intermittent repairs to the facility continued during the post-war period.