San Carlo Borromeo is a Baroque style church located in Turin. It mirrors the adjacent church of Santa Cristina and faces the Piazza San Carlo. The church was commissioned in 1619 by Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy, who had met the archbishop, and later saint, after which the church is named. The main designer is uncertain; the work has been attributed to both Baron Maurizio Valperga, and the engineer Galleani di Ventimiglia. The first facade was designed in 1830 to designs of Grassi. The facade bas-relief depicting San Carlo granting communion to Duke Emanuele Filiberto was sculpted by Stefano Butti.
The main altar dates from 1653. Above the marble main altar is a painting depicting St Charles genuflects before the Sindone of Turin by Pier Francesco Mazzucchelli, also called il Morazzone. In 1866, the painter Rodolfo Morgari frescoed the walls and ceiling.
The church is located at the southwest end of the piazza San Carlo, where also is located the palace where Count Vittorio Alfieri wrote his first tragedic dramas.
References:The Walls of Constantinople are a series of defensive stone walls that have surrounded and protected the city of Constantinople (today Istanbul) since its founding as the new capital of the Roman Empire by Constantine the Great. With numerous additions and modifications during their history, they were the last great fortification system of antiquity, and one of the most complex and elaborate systems ever built. They were also the largest and strongest fortification in both the ancient and medieval world.
Initially built by Constantine the Great, the walls surrounded the new city on all sides, protecting it against attack from both sea and land. As the city grew, the famous double line of the Theodosian Walls was built in the 5th century. Although the other sections of the walls were less elaborate, they were, when well-manned, almost impregnable for any medieval besieger.