Ivrea Castle was built on behalf of Amadeus VI, Count of Savoy, in 1358. Ivrea was built to signify the dominance of the House of Savoy over the region. The castle has four towers erected on a plan flank. It is located next to a cathedral and a bishop's palace. The castle is mentioned in the work of Giosuè Carducci.
The most significant changes were recorded at the end of the 18th century, when the castle was transformed into a prison, first destined to State prisoners and then also to common prisoners. With the prison function, which it maintained untile the first half of the 20th century, the structure was subject to a series of additions and adaptations that naturally divided the courtyard into two parts and defined the external spaces, closed by high perimeter walls.
The first studies of the structure, including the historical origins, date back to the endo of the 19th century, important documental sources for this were contributed by Giuseppe Giacosa and Alfredo d’Andrade.
In 1979, almost ten years after dismission, the restorations were completed that demolished the structures from the 19th and 20th century and rediscovered the antique structures in the courtyard and moat areas.
References:Towering 52 meters above the sea, Bengtskär lighthouse is the tallest one in Scandinavia. The building started in in 1905 after the shipwreck of S/S Helsingfors and was completed in 1906. The lighthouse was designed by architect Florentin Granholm. On December a special petrol lantern, designed and built in Paris, was brought to Bengtskär and installed atop the tower.
German fleet bombarded Bengstkär in the First World War in 1914. Since the Gulf of Finland was heavily mined, it was not until 1919 that the surrounding seas were declared safe for shipping, that the light was lit again.
After the war the military value of Bengtskär increased as part of the defence system of independent Finland. In Second World War (1941) Soviet Union made a suprise attack to island. After a bloody battle, the small Finnish garrison emerged victorious. Intermittent repairs to the facility continued during the post-war period.