The construction of White Tower (La Tour Blanche) was started by Richard the Lionheart in 1195 and completed 1202. It was built in the middle of the war between Plantagenet and Capetian dynasties but never conquered. Today it is restored and open to the public offering a beautiful panoramic scene over Issoudun and the surrounding countryside.
References:The Walls of Constantinople are a series of defensive stone walls that have surrounded and protected the city of Constantinople (today Istanbul) since its founding as the new capital of the Roman Empire by Constantine the Great. With numerous additions and modifications during their history, they were the last great fortification system of antiquity, and one of the most complex and elaborate systems ever built. They were also the largest and strongest fortification in both the ancient and medieval world.
Initially built by Constantine the Great, the walls surrounded the new city on all sides, protecting it against attack from both sea and land. As the city grew, the famous double line of the Theodosian Walls was built in the 5th century. Although the other sections of the walls were less elaborate, they were, when well-manned, almost impregnable for any medieval besieger.