Zelem Castle was a knight's moated fortress located in the lowland areas left of the Rhine River between the villages Mehr and Niel. Zelem was mentioned for the first time in the 12th century as a property of Echternach Abbey. In the first half of the 14th century, Zelem belonged to the Counts of Kranenburg but was sold in 1348 to the lords of Groesbeek. In the 15th century, the Palant-Wylich family became the owners of the estate, in whose hands it remained for centuries. The castle remains privately owned and can therefore only be viewed from the outside.
The castle's basic fabric comes mainly from the first half of the 15th century. In the middle of the 16th century it was rebuilt in Renaissance style. The former three-storey building includes two corner towers formerly equipped with canopies, one of which was decorated with a frieze with sandstone ornaments, mythical creatures, human heads, and a stair tower. The Renaissance portal is adorned with the emblem of the Palant family and the date 1464.
Inside the house is a barrel-vaulted basement, a tower room with a star vault, and a fireplace from the Renaissance. By 1800, the basic structure had been significantly reduced, and the fortification, except for the main wing, was dismantled.
References:The Church of St Donatus name refers to Donatus of Zadar, who began construction on this church in the 9th century and ended it on the northeastern part of the Roman forum. It is the largest Pre-Romanesque building in Croatia.
The beginning of the building of the church was placed to the second half of the 8th century, and it is supposed to have been completed in the 9th century. The Zadar bishop and diplomat Donat (8th and 9th centuries) is credited with the building of the church. He led the representations of the Dalmatian cities to Constantinople and Charles the Great, which is why this church bears slight resemblance to Charlemagne's court chapels, especially the one in Aachen, and also to the Basilica of San Vitale in Ravenna. It belongs to the Pre-Romanesque architectural period.
The circular church, formerly domed, is 27 m high and is characterised by simplicity and technical primitivism.