The origins of Gesualdo Castle can be traced back to the Middle Ages during the Lombard conquests in southern Italy in the 7th century. It was founded either by the legendary Knight Sessualdo or by Radelchi, Prince of Benevento, as a defensive outpost. The first documented records date back to the 12th century under Norman rule, with William of Altavilla as the first lord. The castle gained importance during the Norman-Swabian era and became a prominent fortress in the region.
Carlo Gesualdo, a descendant of the Norman line, transformed the castle into a Renaissance-style mansion in the late 15th century. Over the centuries, the castle suffered damage and looting during various conflicts, including the Franco-Spanish War and the arrival of French troops in 1799. It underwent significant renovations in the 19th century and was designated as a site of historical and artistic value in 1913. The castle was severely damaged in the 1980 Irpinia earthquake and has undergone ongoing restoration efforts. Currently, a portion of the castle is open to the public, and future plans include establishing a polyphony education high school within its premises.
The Temple of Edfu is one of the best preserved ancient shrines in Egypt. It was built in the Ptolemaic Kingdom between 237 and 57 BC.
Edfu was one of several temples built during the Ptolemaic Kingdom, including the Dendera Temple complex, Esna, the Temple of Kom Ombo, and Philae. Its size reflects the relative prosperity of the time. The present temple initially consisted of a pillared hall, two transverse halls, and a barque sanctuary surrounded by chapels. The building was started during the reign of Ptolemy III Euergetes and completed in 57 BC under Ptolemy XII Auletes. It was built on the site of an earlier, smaller temple also dedicated to Horus, although the previous structure was oriented east–west rather than north–south as in the present site.