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Founded: c. 1250Category: Castles and fortifications in Germany
Historical period: Hohenstaufen Dynasty (Germany)
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Built around 1250 by the lords of Berkule, Calenberg Castle was granted to the Papenheim family in 1307 and later became known as Rave von Calenberg. After a feud over inheritance in 1464, it was resolved in 1471. In 1868, Hugo Schuchard purchased the estate, including the castle, and extensively renovated it from 1880 to 1884. The castle served various purposes over the years, including housing refugees after 1945. In 1972, it was acquired by Karl-Heinz Rehkopf and faithfully restored.
The Clementinum is a historic complex of buildings in Prague. Until recently the complex hosted the National, University and Technical libraries, the City Library also being located nearby on Mariánské Náměstí. The Technical library and the Municipal library have moved to the Prague National Technical Library at Technická 6 since 2009. It is currently in use as the National Library of the Czech Republic.
Its history dates from the existence of a chapel dedicated to Saint Clement in the 11th century. A Dominican monastery was founded in the medieval period, which was transformed in 1556 to a Jesuit college. In 1622 the Jesuits transferred the library of Charles University to the Klementinum, and the college was merged with the University in 1654. The Jesuits remained until 1773, when the Klementinum was established as an observatory, library, and university by the Empress Maria Theresa of Austria.