The Roman Tomb of Silistra, located in northeastern Bulgaria, is an exceptionally well-preserved burial tomb dating back to the mid-4th century AD. It represents a significant architectural monument from the Ancient Roman city of Durostorum. Notable for its extensive and high-quality interior frescoes, the tomb is considered a key monument in late antique art in Bulgaria and the Balkans.
The tomb, likely commissioned by a pagan owner, predates the influence of Christianity in Silistra. Its construction probably took place before Theodosius I's persecution of Roman paganism and the Gothic invasion of Durostorum in 376–378. Discovered in 1942 on the southern outskirts of Silistra, the tomb has been on UNESCO's Tentative List of World Heritage Sites since 1984.
The stone tomb, with a single burial chamber, features multi-colored mural paintings covering its interior. The frescoes depict a procession of servants on the northern, southern, and eastern walls, while the western wall portrays the master and his wife. The tomb's decoration includes a frieze with 11 panels illustrating slaves presenting gifts to the masters, along with hunting scenes, candlesticks, and various plants and animals. Despite the city's turbulent history, the Roman Tomb of Silistra stands as a unique example of art and life in the outer regions of the Roman Empire during the 4th century.
References:The Walls of Constantinople are a series of defensive stone walls that have surrounded and protected the city of Constantinople (today Istanbul) since its founding as the new capital of the Roman Empire by Constantine the Great. With numerous additions and modifications during their history, they were the last great fortification system of antiquity, and one of the most complex and elaborate systems ever built. They were also the largest and strongest fortification in both the ancient and medieval world.
Initially built by Constantine the Great, the walls surrounded the new city on all sides, protecting it against attack from both sea and land. As the city grew, the famous double line of the Theodosian Walls was built in the 5th century. Although the other sections of the walls were less elaborate, they were, when well-manned, almost impregnable for any medieval besieger.