Château de Castelnoubel is situated on a promontory overlooking the Mondot valley near Bon-Encontre. The site where the castle stands has been occupied since the 10th or 11th century. Construction of the current castle began in the late 13th century. It belonged to the Marmande family initially, with Arnaud de Marmande being the first known lord. The Durfort family took ownership after the Marmandes, with Arnaud de Durfort receiving jurisdiction rights from Charles le Mauvais, King of Navarre. The Durforts continued to hold Castelnoubel until the late 16th century, when it passed through marriage to the Secondat family.
In the early 18th century, Castelnoubel came into the possession of Louis Pascault de Poléon and remained in the Pascault de Poléon family until the 19th century.Pierre Loubat and later Joseph-Marie-Étienne Giraud, who served as secretary general of the prefecture of Agen, were subsequent owners.The castle eventually became a historic monument in 1966.
The Clementinum is a historic complex of buildings in Prague. Until recently the complex hosted the National, University and Technical libraries, the City Library also being located nearby on Mariánské Náměstí. The Technical library and the Municipal library have moved to the Prague National Technical Library at Technická 6 since 2009. It is currently in use as the National Library of the Czech Republic.
Its history dates from the existence of a chapel dedicated to Saint Clement in the 11th century. A Dominican monastery was founded in the medieval period, which was transformed in 1556 to a Jesuit college. In 1622 the Jesuits transferred the library of Charles University to the Klementinum, and the college was merged with the University in 1654. The Jesuits remained until 1773, when the Klementinum was established as an observatory, library, and university by the Empress Maria Theresa of Austria.