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According to Greek mythology, Troezen came into being as a result of two ancient cities, Hyperea and Antheia, being unified by Pittheus, who named the new city in honor of his deceased brother, Troezen. The ancient city of Troezen was one of the first cult centres in honour of the sea god Poseidon (in Greek mythology Poseidon is a forebearer of the former king Troezen after whom the city was named).
In 580 BC and in the face of the advancing Persian army Athenian general Themistocles proposed to the city assembly that all the women, children and elderly residents of Athens be evacuated to Troezen while able bodied men were sent to fight the Persians or to man the Athenian fleet. Although Athens was subsequently destroyed its citizens were spared.
During the Classical and Hellenistic periods numerous temples and other buildings were constructed in Troezen including a complex of buildings forming a sanctuary to Asclepius although this was somewhat overshadowed by its rival at nearby Epidauros. Other temples were dedicated to Artemis, Hippolytus, Athena and Aphrodite, traces of which can be found in a forest near Troizina.
In 230 BC the volcano at nearby Methana erupted causing severe earthquakes which destroyed many of the temples and buildings at Troezen leading to a decline of the sanctuary to Asclepius. During the Roman era many of these buildings were restored but as Christianity became predominant material from ancient buildings was used in the construction of churches as can be seen in the Diocese church which dates to the 6th century AD.
References:The Château de Foix dominates the town of Foix. An important tourist site, it is known as a centre of the Cathars. Built on an older 7th-century fortification, the castle is known from 987. In 1002, it was mentioned in the will of Roger I, Count of Carcassonne, who bequeathed the fortress to his youngest child, Bernard. In effect, the family ruling over the region were installed here which allowed them to control access to the upper Ariège valley and to keep surveillance from this strategic point over the lower land, protected behind impregnable walls.
In 1034, the castle became capital of the County of Foix and played a decisive role in medieval military history. During the two following centuries, the castle was home to Counts with shining personalities who became the soul of the Occitan resistance during the crusade against the Albigensians.