The Basilica on St. Hill is an unmissable dominant and the pride of Olomouc. The Church of the Visitation of the Virgin Mary on Svatý Kopeček has been the destination of thousands of pilgrims for centuries and even today it is one of the most famous and most visited pilgrimage sites in the Czech Republic.
The temple was built by the Premonstratensians in the 17th and 18th centuries on the site of a chapel destroyed by the Swedes. The orientation of the temple is unique, as the main axis does not run from east to west, but the temple faces the mother monastery Hradisko. The priest who blessed the faithful from the altar is said to have blessed the monastery as well when the doors were open. It is a Baroque church with a two-tower front. The church building is flanked by side wings with attics bearing statues of the twelve apostles and two saints - St Sebastian and St Roch. Behind the church there is an ambulatory and a chapel of the Virgin Mary. The single-nave interior of the church is arched in the central part by a massive dome.
Many local and foreign artists participated in the interior decoration of the nave. Jan Kryštof Handke painted the pendentives of the dome with allegories of the four continents. In the Chapel of St. Augustine there is an altarpiece by J. K. Handke, which is considered one of the finest works of the painter.
Today the fame of the pilgrimage site has been restored and unforgettable pilgrimages, services and church concerts are held here every year. In 1995, Pope John Paul II elevated the church to the status of Basilica Minor.
References:Visby Cathedral (also known as St. Mary’s Church) is the only survived medieval church in Visby. It was originally built for German merchants and inaugurated in 1225. Around the year 1350 the church was enlarged and converted into a basilica. The two-storey magazine was also added then above the nave as a warehouse for merchants.
Following the Reformation, the church was transformed into a parish church for the town of Visby. All other churches were abandoned. Shortly after the Reformation, in 1572, Gotland was made into its own Diocese, and the church designated its cathedral.
There is not much left of the original interior. The font is made of local red marble in the 13th century. The pulpit was made in Lübeck in 1684. There are 400 graves under the church floor.