The Basilica on St. Hill is an unmissable dominant and the pride of Olomouc. The Church of the Visitation of the Virgin Mary on Svatý Kopeček has been the destination of thousands of pilgrims for centuries and even today it is one of the most famous and most visited pilgrimage sites in the Czech Republic.
The temple was built by the Premonstratensians in the 17th and 18th centuries on the site of a chapel destroyed by the Swedes. The orientation of the temple is unique, as the main axis does not run from east to west, but the temple faces the mother monastery Hradisko. The priest who blessed the faithful from the altar is said to have blessed the monastery as well when the doors were open. It is a Baroque church with a two-tower front. The church building is flanked by side wings with attics bearing statues of the twelve apostles and two saints - St Sebastian and St Roch. Behind the church there is an ambulatory and a chapel of the Virgin Mary. The single-nave interior of the church is arched in the central part by a massive dome.
Many local and foreign artists participated in the interior decoration of the nave. Jan Kryštof Handke painted the pendentives of the dome with allegories of the four continents. In the Chapel of St. Augustine there is an altarpiece by J. K. Handke, which is considered one of the finest works of the painter.
Today the fame of the pilgrimage site has been restored and unforgettable pilgrimages, services and church concerts are held here every year. In 1995, Pope John Paul II elevated the church to the status of Basilica Minor.
References:The Church of St Donatus name refers to Donatus of Zadar, who began construction on this church in the 9th century and ended it on the northeastern part of the Roman forum. It is the largest Pre-Romanesque building in Croatia.
The beginning of the building of the church was placed to the second half of the 8th century, and it is supposed to have been completed in the 9th century. The Zadar bishop and diplomat Donat (8th and 9th centuries) is credited with the building of the church. He led the representations of the Dalmatian cities to Constantinople and Charles the Great, which is why this church bears slight resemblance to Charlemagne's court chapels, especially the one in Aachen, and also to the Basilica of San Vitale in Ravenna. It belongs to the Pre-Romanesque architectural period.
The circular church, formerly domed, is 27 m high and is characterised by simplicity and technical primitivism.