Penella Castle is located about 7 km from Cocentaina in the province of Alicante, Spain. It was built in the 13th century, occupying the entirety of a limestone rock with vertical walls on its north side. The castle is named after the area where it is situated.
This castle belongs to the category of rural castles or fortified manor houses from the early Christian period. In 1271, King James I granted Ponç Guillem de Villafranca the villages of Peniella and Forminyàn, authorizing him to build a castle on the rock of Peniella.
Currently, the keep of the castle can be seen, with a square plan measuring 4 meters per side and 12 meters in height. The top of the keep is crenellated. Attached to the keep is a square-shaped building, which is also crenellated.
The Clementinum is a historic complex of buildings in Prague. Until recently the complex hosted the National, University and Technical libraries, the City Library also being located nearby on Mariánské Náměstí. The Technical library and the Municipal library have moved to the Prague National Technical Library at Technická 6 since 2009. It is currently in use as the National Library of the Czech Republic.
Its history dates from the existence of a chapel dedicated to Saint Clement in the 11th century. A Dominican monastery was founded in the medieval period, which was transformed in 1556 to a Jesuit college. In 1622 the Jesuits transferred the library of Charles University to the Klementinum, and the college was merged with the University in 1654. The Jesuits remained until 1773, when the Klementinum was established as an observatory, library, and university by the Empress Maria Theresa of Austria.