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Founded: 12th centuryCategory: Castles and fortifications in France
Historical period: Late Capetians (France)
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Château d'Apcher in Prunières was mentioned first time in 1180. Abandoned in the 17th century, it still has a dungeon, remains of dwellings and outbuildings, as well as a castle chapel dedicated to Saint John the Baptist with painted decorations from the 14th and 15th centuries. Located on a rocky promontory offering a unique view of the surroundings, the keep impresses with its fifteen meters height and its terrace crowned with battlements.
The Walls of Constantinople are a series of defensive stone walls that have surrounded and protected the city of Constantinople (today Istanbul) since its founding as the new capital of the Roman Empire by Constantine the Great. With numerous additions and modifications during their history, they were the last great fortification system of antiquity, and one of the most complex and elaborate systems ever built. They were also the largest and strongest fortification in both the ancient and medieval world.
Initially built by Constantine the Great, the walls surrounded the new city on all sides, protecting it against attack from both sea and land. As the city grew, the famous double line of the Theodosian Walls was built in the 5th century. Although the other sections of the walls were less elaborate, they were, when well-manned, almost impregnable for any medieval besieger.