The Château de La Ferté-Imbault, located in the Loire Valley, France, is the largest brick château in Sologne and one of the oldest. Originally a medieval fortress, it was rebuilt during the Renaissance and served as the seat of the House of Estampes for four centuries. The estate once spanned thousands of hectares and included numerous farms and parishes.
The château features a rectangular design flanked by four towers, with expansive gardens, tree-lined alleys, and a moat fed by the Sauldre River. Its Renaissance façades showcase intricate brickwork and historical medallions. Outbuildings, including stables and pavilions, housed a cavalry unit under the Maréchal d’Estampes, who restored the château in the 17th century.
Throughout its history, the château endured fires, wars, and changes in ownership, hosting notable figures like Joan of Arc, Louis XIII, and Enlightenment luminaries connected to Madame Geoffrin. By the 19th century, it was modernized by English owners but later suffered damage during World War II. Restored in the 20th century, it remains privately owned and opens to visitors in summer. The estate includes formal gardens, a canal, and parklands with diverse wildlife.
References:The Walls of Constantinople are a series of defensive stone walls that have surrounded and protected the city of Constantinople (today Istanbul) since its founding as the new capital of the Roman Empire by Constantine the Great. With numerous additions and modifications during their history, they were the last great fortification system of antiquity, and one of the most complex and elaborate systems ever built. They were also the largest and strongest fortification in both the ancient and medieval world.
Initially built by Constantine the Great, the walls surrounded the new city on all sides, protecting it against attack from both sea and land. As the city grew, the famous double line of the Theodosian Walls was built in the 5th century. Although the other sections of the walls were less elaborate, they were, when well-manned, almost impregnable for any medieval besieger.