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Founded: 14th centuryCategory: Castles and fortifications in France
Historical period: Valois Dynasty and Hundred Year's War (France)
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The Château de Tallard, in the Hautes-Alpes, dates back to the 10th century. Originally a small fortress under the protection of the Princes of Orange, it was expanded into a castle in the 14th century. Over the centuries, it was enhanced with a grand hall, a Gothic chapel, and a fortified entrance.
The castle suffered damage during the Wars of Religion and was later restored by various owners. It was abandoned after being burned in 1692 but revived in the 20th century. The town of Tallard purchased it in 1957, leading to ongoing restorations.
Today, the château, a historic monument since 1969, is undergoing further renovations to host cultural events. It features defensive walls, round towers, a chapel, a guardhouse, and a partially ruined keep.
The Walls of Constantinople are a series of defensive stone walls that have surrounded and protected the city of Constantinople (today Istanbul) since its founding as the new capital of the Roman Empire by Constantine the Great. With numerous additions and modifications during their history, they were the last great fortification system of antiquity, and one of the most complex and elaborate systems ever built. They were also the largest and strongest fortification in both the ancient and medieval world.
Initially built by Constantine the Great, the walls surrounded the new city on all sides, protecting it against attack from both sea and land. As the city grew, the famous double line of the Theodosian Walls was built in the 5th century. Although the other sections of the walls were less elaborate, they were, when well-manned, almost impregnable for any medieval besieger.