The Kriemhildenstuhl is an old Roman quarry, which was worked by the 22nd Legion of the Roman Army, who were stationed in Mogontiacum (Mainz) around 200 AD. Immediately above the quarry is the Heidenmauer, a 26 hectare fortified Celtic settlement from the late Hallstatt era. The Brunhildisstuhl a little below the Kriemhildenstuhl was probably another a Roman quarry. Other old Roman quarries in the vicinity are found in the Kallstadter Tälchen valley and on the Weilerskopf.
In the Middle Ages the quarry was erroneously linked to the Burgundians. As a result of excavations in the second half of the 20th century, new information surfaced about the technology and worker organisation of the Romans and brought new inscriptions to light. Because the lower levels of the quarry filled up with waste material during the quarrying operations, the traces of Roman tools and inscriptions and drawings here were very well preserved. There are drawings of horses, which may be the symbol of the unit working here, as well as drawings of men, phalli and vulvas. Whether the sexual symbols were aspects of a pagan cult or more like present-day toilet graffiti is difficult to determine.The wheel symbols and swastikas could be religious symbols or just workers' marks.
References:The Walls of Constantinople are a series of defensive stone walls that have surrounded and protected the city of Constantinople (today Istanbul) since its founding as the new capital of the Roman Empire by Constantine the Great. With numerous additions and modifications during their history, they were the last great fortification system of antiquity, and one of the most complex and elaborate systems ever built. They were also the largest and strongest fortification in both the ancient and medieval world.
Initially built by Constantine the Great, the walls surrounded the new city on all sides, protecting it against attack from both sea and land. As the city grew, the famous double line of the Theodosian Walls was built in the 5th century. Although the other sections of the walls were less elaborate, they were, when well-manned, almost impregnable for any medieval besieger.