Château d'Usson

Rouze, France

The Château d'Usson is one of the so-called Cathar castles located in the commune of Rouze. It is sited upstream from Axat, along the Aude River gorge, carved out of the foothills of the Pyrenees.

The castle dates from the 11th century (perhaps earlier) and during the Cathar period marked the eastern boundary of the territories of the Counts of Foix. In the 12th century, this was the capital of the Donézan region. Before the défilé was cut through the mountains to link Quillan to Axat, this was an inaccessible outpost providing succour for faidits and other persecuted Cathars. The Cathar bishop of Toulouse Guilhabert de Castres is known to have taken refuge here.

Towards the end of the wars against the Cathars this was one of their last sanctuaries, providing support for Montségur. The seigneurs of Usson, Bernard d'Alion, lord of the Château de Montaillou, and his brother Arnaud d'Usson sent arms and supplies to their besieged comrades there. On 15 March 1244, the day before 225 Cathar parfaits were burned alive at Montségur, four other parfaits left the castle there for Usson, where the Cathar treasure had been evacuated a few months earlier. This mystery has fed a number of theories about the equally mysterious treasure supposedly found at Rennes-le-Château in the 19th century.

Bernard d'Alion was burned alive at Perpignan in 1258. The castle was rebuilt as a French border fortress, and given by Louis XIV to the new Marquis d'Usson. Like other seigneural residences it was sold as communal property at the French Revolution, after which time it was used as a stone quarry.

On display at the castle are parts of the wreckage of a Second World War British Dakota transport aircraft which crashed on 5 December 1944 on a nearby mountain with the loss of seventeen lives.

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Details

Founded: 11th century
Category: Castles and fortifications in France
Historical period: Birth of Capetian dynasty (France)

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4.4/5 (based on Google user reviews)

User Reviews

Steve Costello (15 months ago)
Must visit if you like history and culture.
elena garcia (15 months ago)
It's a visit that is well worth it because it's a steep climb of around 15 minutes before arriving at the castle! We visited the castle with the guide who was able to highlight it very well because it is a castle in ruins. The guide gave us a little introduction by retracing the history of the donezan and the castle from yesterday to today. We also find on site the heritage house with the reconstruction on two floors of an Ariège house from the beginning of the century, a permanent exhibition on the prehistoric open houses of the area as well as a section of wall dedicated to the soldiers of the 1st and 2nd world war in the region. I recommend the guided tour to give meaning to your visit.
brigitte (15 months ago)
This Cathar castle is located in the heart of Donezan. Treasure hunts for children, falconry shows and other various activities are organized there, all in a wonderful setting. A visit to the premises is essential for both permanent and temporary exhibitions. Perfect guides and staff! Thank you for your commitment.
paulo siram (15 months ago)
The ruins of the castle are very well preserved. At the top of the tower, you can discover a magnificent 360° view. Finally, the heritage house provides access to very well-documented information on the Donezan region.
alsac renan (2 years ago)
Small unpretentious chateau located in the heart of the mountain. Magnificent setting with a very beautiful view. Interesting museum illustrating the Donezan region. In short, a beautiful ruin in the heart of the Ariège mountains. Plan a short uphill approach walk on a passable road.
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