The castle in Gołańcz, which was the seat of the Pałuk family, was most likely built in the second half of the 14th century. The site was previously occupied by an older settlement, and later possibly also a fortified manor house of the Pałuks. The building was referred to as castrum for the first time in 1383; at that time, it belonged to Jakub Kusz. In the 1470s, the castle became the property of the Grudziński family, and in the early 17th century, it became the property of the Smoguleckis.
It remained in good defensive condition until the mid-17th century. In 1656, it was seized by Swedish troops with the use of artillery and destroyed — the gatehouse was demolished then. The castle was rebuilt by the Smoguleckis, who modified the tower, giving it a residential rather than defensive character. In the 18th century, the castle was a residence of General F. Fleming. The next owners were the Przebendowskis and then the Mielczyńskis. In 1773, following the First Partition of Poland, it was incorporated into the Kingdom of Prussia. It 1834, it was owned by the Czarnecki family, and it was probably abandoned at that time. The roof was completely renovated in the years 1910-1911. Between 1941 and 1944, excavations were conducted at the castle under the supervision of a German conservator-restorer called Johannes. After the war, conservation and preservation works were carried out in the years 1951-1953.
References:The Clementinum is a historic complex of buildings in Prague. Until recently the complex hosted the National, University and Technical libraries, the City Library also being located nearby on Mariánské Náměstí. The Technical library and the Municipal library have moved to the Prague National Technical Library at Technická 6 since 2009. It is currently in use as the National Library of the Czech Republic.
Its history dates from the existence of a chapel dedicated to Saint Clement in the 11th century. A Dominican monastery was founded in the medieval period, which was transformed in 1556 to a Jesuit college. In 1622 the Jesuits transferred the library of Charles University to the Klementinum, and the college was merged with the University in 1654. The Jesuits remained until 1773, when the Klementinum was established as an observatory, library, and university by the Empress Maria Theresa of Austria.